The Value Relevance and Reliability of Brand Assets Recognized by UK Firms
By Sanjay Kallapur, Sabrina Kwan
The Accounting Review | January 2004
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http://aaahq.org/ic/browse.htm
Citation
Kallapur, Sanjay., Kwan, Sabrina. The Value Relevance and Reliability of Brand Assets Recognized by UK Firms The Accounting Review http://aaahq.org/ic/browse.htm.
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The Accounting Review, 2004
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Abstract
We find that brand assets recognized by 33 U.K. firms are value relevant, i.e., associated with market values. Most previous studies on the value relevance of intangible assets have examined outsiders' valuations; our study adds to the literature by showing the relevance of managers' valuations of recognized intangible assets despite their contracting incentives to overvalue brands. Contracting incentives are likely to be strong in our study because brand assets are a substantial fraction of net assets: the median firm's brand assets are 44.2 percent of book value of equity (including brands). However, we find that the market capitalization rates of brands of firms with low contracting incentives are higher than those of firms with high contracting incentives to capitalize and overstate brand values. We base our measures of contracting incentives on previous studies' findings that brand recognition helped firms (1) avoid London Stock Exchange (LSE) rules requiring shareholder approval for large acquisition or disposal transactions and (2) reduce their leverage. We thus partition our sample into subsamples according to (1) whether or not brand capitalization allowed the firm to avoid the LSE rule for at least one acquisition or disposal transaction, and (2) whether the firm's industry-adjusted debt-to-book-equity ratio was above or below the median. The difference in market capitalization rates indicates that there could be substantial differences in the extent of bias or error in brand valuations of firms with different levels of contracting incentives, i.e., brand asset measures might not be reliable. The stock price reaction during the 21 days surrounding the first announcement of brand recognition is significantly positively associated with the recognized brand amount. The market reaction could be attributed to either the benefits of relaxing contracting constraints, or the correction of previous market undervaluation of brand-intensive firms prior to brand capitalization.

Sanjay Kallapur is a Professor of Accounting at the Indian School of Business (ISB). He joined ISB in 2005 from the Krannert School of Management, Purdue University, where he was a tenured Associate Professor.

Professor Kallapur conducts research on financial and managerial accounting, auditing, corporate governance, and risk management. He has published in each of the top three accounting journals, and his papers have been cited over 4,000 times (Google Scholar) and in regulatory policy documents in India and the UK. The American Accounting Association recently published his monograph on scientific inference in accounting research, beyond the use of p-values.

He is the founding Editor-in-Chief of Accounting Theory and Practice, a research journal focusing on India, published by Elsevier. He has been an editor of The Accounting Review from 2008 to 2011, the first person from outside North America to be appointed to that position.

Professor Kallapur is a member of National Financial Reporting Authority (NFRA), the regulatory body overseeing the accounting and auditing of listed companies in India. He is an independent director on the Board of IDBI Bank, where he serves on the risk management and audit committees. He previously served on the Board of the Life Insurance Corporation of India.

Professor Kallapur has held positions as Associate Dean and Deputy Dean for almost a decade at ISB. He started the PhD-equivalent Fellow Programme in Management at ISB and has placed his students in faculty positions at the London School of Economics, IESEG Paris, Aalto University, University of Queensland, University of Western Australia, and IIM Udaipur.

Professor Kallapur has a PhD in Business Economics from Harvard Business School, and B.Com. and M.M.S. degrees from Mumbai University. He is professionally qualified as a Fellow Member of the Institute of Cost Accountants of India (FCMA).

Sanjay Kallapur
Sanjay Kallapur